Showing posts with label Motivated Reasoning. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Motivated Reasoning. Show all posts

Friday, May 29, 2026

The Addiction of Ignorance, and the Revolution We Should Have Seen Coming

I have definitely written about this before. Many times. 

America has a drug problem nobody wants to talk about honestly. Not fentanyl. Not alcohol. Ignorance. Specifically, the cultivated, deliberate, chosen variety. Selective ignorance. And like any addiction, the longer it goes untreated, the more it takes from you, and the more dangerous the addict becomes to everyone around them. 

What makes it an addiction rather than a simple deficit is the active, continuous work required to maintain it. Psychologists call it motivated reasoning: the cognitive process by which people do not reason toward truth but toward conclusions they have already decided they want. This is not passive. 

People running motivated reasoning are working hard, filtering incoming information, discarding what contradicts the preferred conclusion, amplifying what confirms it. The ignorance in America's current crisis is not a shortage of available information. 

We live in the most information-saturated society in human history. This is a shortage of willingness to receive information that costs something. That is a crucial distinction, and it changes everything about how we diagnose what is happening to us.

We did not stumble into this. We chose it, repeatedly, at every turn where knowing something inconvenient would have cost us comfort, privilege, or the warm bath of tribal belonging. We chose it in churches, in school board meetings, in voting booths, and on social media feeds algorithmically tuned to feed us exactly what we already believed. The addiction metastasized in plain sight.

And it is worth understanding why the social cost of knowing is so high. Social psychologists Henri Tajfel and John Turner established decades ago that human identity is inseparable from group membership. We do not just belong to groups. We are our groups. 

When the group's shared worldview requires the rejection of expertise, accepting expertise becomes an act of betrayal. You do not just change your mind. You lose your people. In communities where the group is the whole of a person's identity and social world, that cost is existential. Ignorance becomes the price of admission, and people pay it willingly, even gratefully, because what they are buying is belonging.

There is a phenomenological dimension here that goes deeper still. Willful unknowing is not a passive state. It is an active, lived experience requiring continuous maintenance. On some level, the person who chooses not to know is aware of the choice. Reality keeps pressing in, and the relief of not engaging it has to be re-administered, reinforced, re-confirmed by the group. That is the addiction structure exactly. The substance is not a chemical. It is the relief of a world simplified to the point where you and your tribe are right, and everyone with credentials and data and uncomfortable questions is the enemy.

I was in high school in the early 1970s when my teacher (I've previously written about my high school Civics and World Problems teacher, the amazing Mrs. Wotton) walked us through what Mao Zedong had done to China with his Cultural Revolution. We sat there, American teenagers, shaking our heads at how stupid those people must be. 

How could an entire society follow a megalomaniac into the deliberate destruction of its own intellectual class? How do you purge universities, persecute doctors, imprison professors, and silence scientists, and have a population that either cheers or says nothing?

We were very smug about that. Very confident it could never happen here.

What we did not understand then, and what the psychology makes clear now, is that Mao's Red Guards were not simply destroying expertise. They were building community through that destruction. The shared rejection of the intellectual class was a bonding ritual. 

The public humiliations, the struggle sessions, the denunciations: all of it created solidarity among participants. You proved your belonging by performing your contempt for knowledge. The crowd that cheers when a professor is fired, when a doctor is silenced, when a library is purged, is not just expressing hatred. It is renewing its membership in the tribe.

Here we are.

Donald Trump did not invent American ignorance. He weaponized it. He handed it a flag, a cross, and a grievance, and told it that everything it didn't understand was the enemy. White Christian nationalism became the operating ideology of a federal government. Not a fringe. Not a protest movement. The government.

The psychological engine underneath that movement has a clinical name: Terror Management Theory, developed from Ernest Becker's foundational work and extended by Greenberg, Pyszczynski, and Solomon. When people feel their mortality, their significance, or their cosmological worldview under threat, they do not open up. They contract. They cling harder to the group identity that gives them meaning and to the enemies that justify their fear. 

White Christian nationalism offers exactly the right package for that psychological state: a cosmology, a tribe, a hierarchy, a villain, and a promise of eternal significance to people who feel they have been made small. Trump did not build that. He found tens of millions of people already running that psychological program and gave them permission to act on it.

Agencies gutted. Scientists fired or sidelined. Educators targeted. Health agencies hollowed out in the middle of a century that has already demonstrated what happens when you let preventable diseases find an opening.

And it is worth knowing that much of this ignorance is not organic. It is manufactured. 

Historian Robert Proctor developed the field of agnotology, the formal study of culturally induced ignorance and doubt, after studying how the tobacco industry spent decades deliberately producing uncertainty about the link between smoking and cancer. 

They did not need people to believe cigarettes were safe. They only needed people to believe the science was unsettled. The same machinery runs today on climate research, vaccine safety, election integrity, and pandemic response. Engineered doubt is not a side effect of the information age. It is a product, developed, funded, and distributed with precision.

We are watching infectious disease rates climb back toward numbers we were told we'd never see again, because a meaningful portion of the population has decided that the people who study disease are the enemy, and the people who spread misinformation about it are the heroes.

We are watching professors lose positions. Researchers lose funding. Federal employees purged for the content of their emails and their perceived politics. Libraries challenged. Curricula sanitized.

And we haven't even gotten to the imprisonments and murders...yet.

I say yet with full awareness of what I'm saying. Because if you had described the current state of American governance to me in 1973 in that high school classroom, I would have told you it sounded exactly like what we were being warned about. 

Except we were being warned about them.

The Soviets. 

The Chinese. Cautionary tales on the other side of the world.

The cautionary tale was always us, waiting to happen.

Ignorance is comfortable. Too comfortable. Selective ignorance is ecstatic. 

You get to keep your prejudices, discard inconvenient facts, belong to a community of the like-minded, and feel righteous about all of it. 

The MaGA movement did not recruit stupid people. It recruited comfortable ones. 

It recruited people who found the drug of chosen ignorance, of selective ignorance, more appealing than the cost of knowing things that challenged their worldview.

Fascism does not need jackboots on day one. 

It needs an addicted population that has practiced, for decades, the discipline of not knowing what it does not want to know. That population is ready-made for whoever arrives with the right story.

It would seem we learned nothing from what we studied. Or we have simply...purposefully...forgotten it.

Worse, we were too arrogant to think we needed to remember it.

Cheers! Sláinte! Na zdravie!

Purpleism opposes all human irritants. Trump has consumed that space so completely everything now runs through him.
That distortion of daily life is itself a Purpleism issue.
Exhausting.
Malignant Narcissism does that



JZ Murdock is a retired Senior Technical Writer/IT administrator, and an active award-winning author/ filmmaker, documentarian, and writer based in Bremerton, Washington. 

He publishes commentary on the state of things at murdockinations.com and on his creative works over at Substack. He also posts on Slasher.com on the horror genre.

If this work means something to you, you can support it at Ko-fi. Tips are always welcome and go directly toward keeping independent documentary work possible.

Thursday, April 3, 2025

MaGA...Running Blind

In the world of political extremes, the unwavering support for Donald Trump among his MaGA (the "a" lowered in a half mast nod to the damages done to the country by that group, until they stop), followers can often appear perplexing, especially in the face of mounting controversies, legal challenges, and widespread criticism. For many, the commitment to Trump transcends rational political reasoning and ventures into the territory of emotional investment and identity. 

Elon at the end of his government destruction? Trump told his cabinet he's leaving soon.

Also, Trump recently discovered the word, "groceries" the other day, an old word, a beautiiful word", he said. No one uses the word for like, "grocery store"? This man is the dumbest SOB I've ever in the White House, or in business, or in the United States, or on planet Earth. Truly.

I can only see one reason Donald Trump became POTUS: blind paradimetrics. Ignorance, unrequited pain, disingenuous frustration, and misplaced vengeance— Truly, such fine qualities for the Republican Party to explore & exemplify. #convictedFelonTrumpGOP

There is some good news. "Map Shows Pres. Donald Trump's Approval Rating in Each State 2 Months Into Term" - Trump's approval rating has turned negative for the 1st time since his ridiculous return to the WH.


Also after $20 some Million spent in the Wisconsin judicial race, Elon lost, the Trump MaGA GOP lost and America and democracy won, big time. 1 big "W" for democracy, 1 big "L" for the kakistocracy led by Trump, the big dumb is diminishing, just not soon enough. Musk said it would decide Western Civilization, then immeidately turned away when he lost saying he'd expected to lose (sounds like Trump there). 

And Trump hates losers. Elon lost. 'Nuff Said!

Brief aside...I asked ChatGPT, who I like to call, "Chuck", in a call back to the TV show "Supernatural" (see, "God"): "Could it be said that the world is starting to look at the USA under Donald Trump (America's 1st convinced felon POTUS, #47, as the little bitch country of the world? Or something on that order?"

Its response:

"That’s definitely a blunt way of putting it, but you’re not alone in wondering how the world is perceiving the U.S. under a potential second Trump term. Many foreign policy analysts have speculated that Trump's "America First" approach, his transactional view of alliances, and his history of cozying up to authoritarian leaders could weaken the country’s global standing.""

If he follows through on threats to abandon NATO, cut off traditional allies, and push isolationist policies, the U.S. could be seen as unreliable, weaker in influence, and more beholden to stronger global powers like China and Russia. Some might argue that this would make the U.S. a "pushover" or a diminished force on the world stage, which could resemble what you’re describing."

Of course, Trump supporters would argue the opposite—that his leadership would make America "tougher" by refusing to play by old diplomatic norms. But globally, leaders who rely on strong alliances may see the U.S. as more of a wildcard or even a liability." I did read that the EU is beginning to realize that America is now becoming an "adversary". Purposely. 

Let's face it, more and more of America no longer cares what the Trump Kakistocratic Party is thinking, as the clowns they elected tear down America, democracy, our economy, and push all of that into the world at large. WILL Trump crash the world economy? 

He doesn't know, he just wants to find out.

Anyway...

I could exercise my psychology degree long and hard on the Trump authoritarian political personality cult known as MaGA. They seem to be one giant Milgram study. The Milgram experiment (1961) was a psychological study by Stanley Milgram at Yale University, designed to test obedience to authority. I had to learn about it, among many others, before getting my degree in 1984.

Participants were instructed to administer increasingly severe electric shocks to a "learner" (an actor) whenever they answered incorrectly. Despite hearing the learner’s cries of pain (which were faked), most participants continued delivering shocks when urged by an authority figure. The study revealed how ordinary people could commit harmful acts under authoritative pressure, shedding light on obedience in extreme situations, including historical atrocities.

Like in the Milgram experiment, many MaGA supporters follow Trump's directives despite ethical concerns, driven by authority, social pressure, and emotional investment. Just as participants in the study ignored their own moral discomfort to obey commands, MaGA followers often dismiss facts, legal issues, and harm to others, prioritizing loyalty over critical thinking. This highlights how strong leadership, combined with fear and group identity, can override personal judgment and ethical boundaries.

This phenomenon can be understood through psychological concepts like the running blind effect, where individuals continue on a path of belief despite overwhelming evidence suggesting they might be wrong. Fear-based messaging, blame-shifting, and a deep-seated attachment to a divisive narrative fuel this dynamic, creating an environment where supporters double down rather than reassess their positions. 

In this context, the fervent loyalty to Trump may not just be about policies or political ideologies but about the need to preserve a worldview that, for them, is defined by a constant battle against perceived threats.

Running blind is primarily an idiom rather than a formally recognized psychological theory. It describes acting without sufficient knowledge, foresight, or awareness of consequences. While it overlaps with concepts in psychology—such as escalation of commitment, confirmation bias, and motivated reasoning—there is no specific "Running Blind Effect" formally defined in academic literature.

As for MaGA and motivated reasoning? It could absolutely be said that many within the MAGA movement have failed on the Four Ways to Avoid the Pitfalls of Motivated Moral Reasoning. 

Let’s break it down:

  1. The "Front Page" Test – Many MaGA supporters seem unconcerned about how their actions or beliefs would appear in an objective public setting. Instead, they often exist in media bubbles where their beliefs are reinforced rather than challenged. The movement’s leaders, including their convicted felon Trump, thrive on secrecy, misinformation, and alternative narratives that sidestep accountability.

  2. Don’t Go It Alone – Rather than surrounding themselves with dissenting voices, MaGA supporters often reject mainstream sources of information and listen exclusively to right-wing media that echoes their views. The culture of Trumpism discourages critical self-reflection and punishes those who question its dogma (e.g., the backlash against former allies who criticize Trump).

  3. Avoid Ambiguity – The MaGA movement thrives on ambiguity, using vague terms like "deep state," "election fraud," or "America First" without clear, fact-based definitions. These ambiguous narratives allow followers to justify actions that might otherwise be seen as unethical or extreme.

  4. Stay Humble – Trumpism is built on a rejection of humility. The movement, much like Trump himself, tends to dismiss criticism outright, often attacking those who disagree rather than engaging in self-reflection. The idea of "never admitting defeat" or "owning the libs" has replaced intellectual humility with a defensive, combative stance.

By failing in these four areas, the MaGA movement has created an environment where motivated reasoning runs unchecked, reinforcing tribalism and making it difficult for supporters to critically assess their beliefs.

Overall? A troubling testament to blind loyalty over critical thought, where emotion eclipses reason and tribalism replaces integrity. Their problem isn't so much the failure, but the striking out at others for their own failings, ascribing those failings repeatedly to others. And in the political arena, they harm others and weaken the very country they claim to love.

There are various ways to view this: For Decades, a Behavioral Blind Spot Has Plagued Political Development

And, A massive experiment on choice blindness in political decisions: Confidence, confabulation, and unconscious detection of self-deception

The running blind effect could definitely be a factor in how hardcore MaGA supporters process and respond to information. The term generally refers to situations where individuals continue down a chosen path despite mounting evidence that it may not be in their best interest, often due to emotional investment, identity reinforcement, or cognitive biases.

For MaGA supporters who are deeply entrenched in their beliefs:

  • Fear-Based Messaging: Many consume media that constantly reinforces a narrative of impending doom, socialist takeover, or moral decay. This repeated exposure triggers a heightened emotional response, leading to what’s known as motivated reasoning—they seek out and accept information that supports their fears while rejecting anything that contradicts them.

  • Blame as a Coping Mechanism: Assigning blame (to liberals, immigrants, deep state actors, etc.) helps maintain a black-and-white worldview, avoiding cognitive dissonance. If things are bad, it’s easier to believe that someone else (Democrats, RINOs, "woke" corporations) is sabotaging America rather than reconsidering their own stance.

  • Commitment Escalation: The running blind effect plays out in their unwavering commitment to Trump. Even when faced with legal issues, policy failures, or contradictions, many will double down instead of re-evaluating. This is partly because admitting they were wrong would threaten their identity and sense of belonging.

So, yes, the running blind effect could explain why some MaGA supporters persist in supporting Trump despite growing legal, ethical, and political red flags—because reversing course would feel like an existential loss rather than just a change of opinion.

​The "running blind effect" isn't a widely recognized term in political psychology. However, it could refer to phenomena such as the escalation of commitment or choice blindness, both of which have significant implications in political contexts.​Negotiations Ninja

Escalation of Commitment: This concept describes the tendency of individuals or groups to continue investing in a decision despite evidence of its negative outcomes. In politics, this can manifest as unwavering support for a policy or leader even when faced with mounting failures or controversies. For instance, a study titled "The escalation of commitment in political decision-making groups" explores how political groups might persist with failing initiatives due to prior investments. ​Wiley Online Library+1Wiley Online Library+1

Choice Blindness: This refers to the phenomenon where individuals fail to notice discrepancies between their intentions and subsequent choices, leading them to accept outcomes they might not have originally endorsed. In political decision-making, choice blindness can result in voters supporting candidates or policies without fully recognizing their implications. A relevant study titled "A massive experiment on choice blindness in political decisions" examines this effect in the context of political choices. ​WikipediaPMC

Understanding these psychological tendencies is crucial for fostering more informed and reflective political engagement.​

To neutralize the running blind effect and break free from the cycle of fear and blind loyalty, it’s crucial to encourage open dialogue and empathy. Creating spaces where individuals can engage with different perspectives without feeling attacked or ridiculed is key. 

Promoting critical thinking and media literacy helps people recognize biased or manipulative messaging. It's also important to encourage self-reflection, helping individuals separate their identity from their political beliefs. By fostering an environment where curiosity is valued over confirmation, we can begin to counteract the entrenched narratives that keep people stuck in a polarized mindset.

Of course, eliminating people like Donald Trump from the national stage and keeping them out of public office through a proper court trial for the crimes that have been blocked would also help.


Compiled with aid of ChatGPT